by Susan Flantzer © Unofficial Royalty 2019

Archduchess Gisela of Austria; Credit – Wikipedia

The eldest surviving child of Franz Joseph, Emperor of Austria and Elisabeth of Bavaria (Sisi), Archduchess Gisela was born in Laxenburg, Austria, the summer retreat of the Habsburgs, on July 12, 1856. The infant archduchess was baptized Gisella Luise Marie – Gisella with a double L – but she always wrote her name with only one L.  Gisela had an older sister Sophie, born in 1855, and the birth of another girl was a disappointment to the family who was anxiously awaiting the birth of a boy to succeed to the throne.

In 1857, on a trip to Hungary, part of the Habsburg empire, Sophie and Gisela became ill with diarrhea and a very high fever. Gisela survived but Sophie died in her mother’s arms.

Gisela had three siblings:

• Archduchess Sophie (1855 – 1857), died in childhood
• Crown Prince Rudolf (1858 – 1889), married Princess Stéphanie of Belgium, had one daughter
• Archduchess Marie Valerie (1868 – 1924), married Archduke Franz Salvator, Prince of Tuscany, had ten children

Empress Elisabeth with her two eldest surviving children, Gisela and Rudolf  with a portrait of the deceased Sophie on the wall in 1858; Credit – Wikipedia

Gisela was never close to her mother. Empress Elisabeth’s mother-in-law Archduchess Sophie, born Princess Sophie of Bavaria, was also Elisabeth’s aunt and deemed the teenage mother too young to care for her first two children. After their baptisms, Sophie and Gisela were taken away from their mother and raised by their grandmother.

Gisela with her brother Rudolf in 1861; Credit – Wikipedia

Gisela was two years old when her brother Rudolf, the Crown Prince and heir to the throne, was born. Gisela had a close relationship with her brother even after she married and moved to Bavaria. She never got over Rudolf’s suicide. On January 30, 1889, at Mayerling, a hunting lodge in the Vienna Woods which Rudolf had purchased, in an apparent suicide plot, Rudolf shot his 17-year-old mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera, and then shot himself.

Gisela and Prince Leopold of Bavaria in 1872; Credit – Wikipedia

In April 1872, Gisela was betrothed to her second cousin Prince Leopold of Bavaria, son of Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria and Archduchess Augusta of Austria.  Leopold’s father Prince Luitpold served as Prince Regent from 1886 until he died in 1912 due to the mental incompetence of his nephews King Ludwig II and King Otto. On April 20, 1873, 16-year-old Gisela and 27-year-old Leopold were married at the Augustinerkirche, the parish church of the Habsburgs, near Hofburg Palace in Vienna. The bride was overshadowed by her radiant and youthful-looking mother. Wedding festivities included a special performance of Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream and a gala ball given by the city of Vienna at the Musikverein, a concert hall. Gisela was warmly welcomed by Leopold’s family in Munich. The couple had a happy marriage and lived in the Palais Leopold in the Schwabing section of Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria, now in the German state of Bavaria.

Gisela and Leopold had four children:

• Princess Elisabeth Marie of Bavaria (1874–1957), married Otto Ludwig Philipp, Graf von Seefried auf Buttenheim, had five children
• Princess Auguste Maria of Bavaria (1875–1964), married Joseph August, Archduke of Austria, had six children
• Prince Georg of Bavaria (1880–1943), married Archduchess Isabella of Austria; in 1913, the marriage was dissolved by the Royal Bavarian Supreme Court and then was annulled by the Holy See of the Roman Catholic Church on the grounds of non-consummation, in 1921 Georg was ordained a Catholic priest
• Prince Konrad of Bavaria (1883–1969), married Princess Bona Margherita of Savoy-Genoa, had two children

Gisela and Leopold with their four children, circa 1885; Credit – Wikipedia

On September 10, 1898, Gisela’s mother Empress Elisabeth was assassinated when she was stabbed in the heart by the Italian anarchist Luigi Lucheni in Geneva, Switzerland. After her mother’s death, Gisela received 40% of her mother’s monetary assets and Achilleion Palace which her mother had built on the Greek island of Corfu to escape life at court.

Achilleion Palace in Corfu, Greece; By Marc Ryckaert (MJJR) – Own work, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=23107846

During World War I, Leopold was given the command of the German 9th Army and quickly proved himself to be an able commander. Gisela set up a military hospital in her Munich palace. Gisela’s father Emperor Franz Joseph died on November 21, 1916, in the middle of World War I, at the age of 86. As he had no son to succeed him, his great-nephew succeeded him as Emperor Karl I of Austria but only reigned for two years as the monarchy was abolished at the end of World War I.

Golden Wedding of Leopold and Gisela by Hermann Eißfeldt, 1923; The bishop presiding is Papal Nuncio Eugenio Pacelli, the future Pope Pius XII. To his right is Leopold and Gisela’s son George who became a priest

In 1923, Gisela and Leopold celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary. Leopold died on September 28, 1930, at the age of 84. Two years later, Gisela died on July 27, 1932, aged 76. She was buried with her husband in the Wittelsbach crypt at St. Michael’s Church in Munich, Germany.

Wittelsbach crypt at St. Michael’s Church; Photo Credit – Susan Flantzer

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Works Cited

• De.wikipedia.org. (2018). Gisela von Österreich. [online] Available at: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gisela_von_%C3%96sterreich [Accessed 1 Sep. 2018].
• En.wikipedia.org. (2018). Archduchess Gisela of Austria. [online] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archduchess_Gisela_of_Austria [Accessed 1 Sep. 2018].
• Van Der Kiste, J. (2005). Emperor Francis Joseph: Life, Death and the Fall of the Habsburg Empire. Stroud: Sutton Publishing.
• Wheatcroft, A. (1995). The Habsburgs. London: Viking.