by Scott Mehl © Unofficial Royalty 2018
Dorothea Maria of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg was the first wife of Ernst Ludwig I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen. She was born in Gotha, Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, now in Thuringia, Germany, on January 22, 1674, to Friedrich I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and Magdalena Sibylla of Saxe-Weissenfels. She had seven siblings:
- Anna Sophie (1670-1728) – married Ludwig Friedrich I, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, had issue
- Magdalena Sibylle (1671-1673) – died in childhood
- Friederike (1675-1709) – married Johann August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst, no issue
- Friedrich II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1676-1732) – married Magdalena Auguste of Anhalt-Zerbst, had issue
- Johann Wilhelm (1677-1701) – unmarried, killed in battle
- Elisabeth (1679-1680) – died in infancy from smallpox
- Johanna (1680-1704) – married Adolf Friedrich II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, no issue
On September 19, 1704, at Schloss Friedenstein in Gotha, Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, now in Thuringia, Germany, Dorothea Maria married Ernst Ludwig. The two first cousins – both were grandchildren of Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha – had become engaged four months earlier. Over the next eight years, they had five children:
- Josef Bernhard (1706-1724) – died as a teenager
- Friedrich August (born and died 1707) – died in infancy
- Ernst Ludwig II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen (1709-1729) – unmarried
- Luise Dorothea (1710-1771) – married Friedrich III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, had issue
- Karl Friedrich, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen (1712-1743) – unmarried
The marriage was happy, and both shared the same interest in music and the arts. She devoted much of her time to charitable works, particularly supporting the orphanage in Meiningen. Because of a condition referred to as ‘facial fluxes’ – probably a nervous condition – she spent much of her time living in the countryside. At Dreiẞigacker, her husband planned to build a palace and name it Dorotheenburg in her honor, but she did not live long enough to see this happen.
Dorothea Maria died, aged 39, in Meiningen, Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen, now in Thuringia, Germany, on April 18, 1713. She is buried in the Castle Church at Elisabethenburg Palace. in Meiningen.
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