The Duchy of Modena and Reggio was a small northwestern Italian state that existed from 1452 to 1859, except during the Napoleonic Wars (1796 – 1814). The House of Este ruled the duchy from 1452 – 1796, and then the House of Austria-Este ruled from 1814 – 1859. In 1796, Modena was occupied by a French army under Napoleon Bonaparte, who deposed Ercole III d’Este, Duke of Modena and Reggio, and added the duchy to the French Empire. Ercole III died in exile in 1803.
Ercole III’s only surviving child of Maria Beatrice d’Este, the heiress of Modena and Reggio married Archduke Ferdinand Karl of Austria, son of Francis Stephen, Duke of Lorraine, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa, in her own right Archduchess of Austria, and Queen of Hungary, Croatia, and Bohemia. The son of Maria Beatrice and Ferdinand Karl regained the Duchy of Modena and Reggio as Francesco IV in 1814, after the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte.
The Duchy of Modena and Reggio was abolished during the Italian unification movement. It was annexed to the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1860. In 1861, Vittorio Emanuele II, King of Sardinia was proclaimed the first King of the new, united Kingdom of Italy.
Below is an indexed listing with links to biographical articles about the Modena royal family at Unofficial Royalty. If it says “Notable Issue” before a name, that means not all of the children for the parent of that person are listed.
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House of Este (1452 – 1796)
Family of Ercole III d’Este, Duke of Modena and Reggio
- Ercole III d’Este, Duke of Modena and Reggio (reigned 1780 – 1796, monarchy abolished until 1814)
- Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina, Duchess of Massa and Carrara, Duchess of Modena and Reggio (wife of Ercole III, had two children)
House of Austria-Este (1814 – 1859)
Family of Francesco IV, Duke of Modena and Reggio
- Francesco IV, Duke of Modena and Reggio (grandson of Ercole III, reigned 1814 – 1846)
- Maria Beatrice of Savoy, Duchess of Modena and Reggio (wife of Francesco IV)
- Notable Issue: Francesco V, Duke of Modena and Reggio (see below)
Family of Francesco V, Duke of Modena and Reggio
- Francesco V, Duke of Modena and Reggio (reigned 1846 – 1859, monarchy abolished)
- Adelgunde of Bavaria, Duchess of Modena and Reggio (wife of Francesco V, had one daughter who died in infancy)
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Other Modena Royals
- Maria Beatrice of Modena, Queen of England, Queen of Scots (daughter of Alfonso IV d’Este, Duke of Modena and Reggio)
Pretenders to the Throne
- LAST REIGNING: Francesco V, Duke of Modena and Reggio
- Former: Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria-Este
- Former: Karl I, Emperor of Austria, Archduke of Austria-Este
- Former: Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este
- Current: Prince Lorenz of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este