Louis II, Prince of Monaco. Photo credit: Mad for Monaco blog
May 9, 1949 – Death of Louis II, Prince of Monaco
Louis’ Wikipedia page
Louis’ biography of Mad for Monaco
Louis was the only child of Albert I of Monaco by his Scottish-born first wife Lady Mary Victoria Hamilton. Through his mother Louis was a descendant of Stephanie de Beauharnais, the adopted daughter of Napoleon Bonaparte. Louis’ parents separated when he was an infant; he resided in Germany with his mother, stepfather, and half-siblings until the age of 11.
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Louis attended the Saint-Cyr Military Academy in France. He followed up his education with service in the French Foreign Legion in Africa. Louis met singer Juliette Louvet in Algeria, whom he was forbidden to marry. The couple’s daughter Charlotte was born in 1898. Louis later served with distinction with the French Army in World War I, rising to the rank of Brigadier General.
During this time, Louis did not show interest in marrying or fathering legitimate children. The lack of other heirs meant that control of Monaco would be passed to Louis’ German cousin Wilhelm of Urach, who had naturally fought against the French during World War I. A law was passed in 1911 (later declared invalid) to allow Charlotte to inherit the Monagesque throne, while a second law allowed Louis to adopt Charlotte as his legal heir. Charlotte officially became her father’s heir in 1919.
Louis succeeded Albert as Sovereign Prince of Monaco in 1922, where cultural life continued to thrive as it had under his predecessors. The principality was occupied during World War II, first by the Italians and later by the Germans. Louis’ offered his support to the French Vichy government headed by his former colleague. Charlotte passed her claim to the principality to her son, the future Rainier III, in 1944.
Following World War II, the aging Louis spent most of his time in France. He married actress Ghislaine Dommanget in 1946 and lived with her near Paris, allowing Monaco’s prosperity to decline. Louis died in Monaco and is buried at Saint Nicholas Cathedral in Monte Carlo.