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King James II of England, Credit – Wikipedia
September 16, 1386 – Birth of King Henry V of England at Monmouth Castle in Wales
The last great warrior king of the Middle Ages, King Henry V of England, was the eldest son of King Henry IV of England and his first wife Mary de Bohun, who died before her husband became king. Henry’s outstanding military successes in the Hundred Years’ War against France made England one of the strongest military powers in Europe. As part of a treaty with France, Henry V married Catherine of Valois, the daughter of King Charles VI of France. The couple had one child, King Henry VI of England. King Henry V never saw their child. The warrior king, the victor against the French at the Battle of Agincourt, determined to conquer France once and for all, succumbed to dysentery, a disease that killed more soldiers than battle, in 1422, at the age of 35, leaving a nine-month-old son to inherit his throne.
Unofficial Royalty: King Henry V of England
September 16, 1583 – Death of Katarina Jagiellon of Poland, Queen of Sweden, first wife of King Johan III of Sweden, in Stockholm, Sweden; buried at Uppsala Cathedral in Sweden
Katarina was the daughter of Sigismund I, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania. Due to in-fighting among the sons of the deceased King Gustav I Vasa of Sweden, Katarina was married to the future King Johan III of Sweden. In exchange for marrying Katarina, Johan received a substantial sum of money and land in Livonia (located in present-day Estonia and Latvia) which then hindered the expansionist policy of his half-brother King Erik XIV. In January 1569, the Riksdag (parliament) legally dethroned Erik. Johan and Katarina were crowned King and Queen of Sweden on July 10, 1569. As Queen Consort of Sweden, Katarina had much political influence and influenced her husband in many areas, such as his foreign policy and his interest in Renaissance art. In the spring of 1583, Katarina became seriously ill with gout, and after much suffering, she died, aged 56.
Unofficial Royalty: Katarina Jagiellon of Poland, Queen of Sweden
September 16, 1701 – Death of King James II of England in exile at the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France; buried at the Chapel of Saint Edmund in the Church of the English Benedictines in the Rue St. Jacques in Paris, France; his tomb and remains were destroyed during the French Revolution
After losing his throne in 1688 in the Glorious Revolution, James fled to France where his first cousin King Louis XIV offered him a palace and a pension. James was determined to regain the throne and landed in Ireland with a French force in 1689. He was defeated by his nephew King William III at the Battle of the Boyne on July 1, 1690, and was forced to withdraw once again to France. James spent the rest of his life in France, planning invasions that never happened, and died from a stroke at the age of 68. Although his tomb had been destroyed, his viscera were rediscovered and reburied in 1824 at the Parish Church of Saint-Germain-en-Laye in France. In 1855, Queen Victoria paid for a memorial to James at the Parish Church of Saint-Germain-en-Laye.
Unofficial Royalty: King James II of England
September 16, 1764 – Death of Franz Josias, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld at Schloss Rodach in Rodach, Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, now in Bavaria, Germany; buried in the ducal crypt at the Stadtkirche St. Moriz in Coburg, Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, now in Bavaria, Germany
As the elder son, Franz Josias’ brother Christian Ernst was his father’s heir but because of his unequal marriage, Franz Josias claimed the sole inheritance of the duchy. However, their father Johann Ernst decided that both his sons should reign jointly, and upon his death in 1729, his will forced the joint reign. After their father’s death, Christian Ernst resided at Schloss Saalfeld and Franz Josias lived at Veste Coburg. From 1735, with the support of the Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, Franz Josias effectively ruled over Coburg in his own right. In 1745, the childless Christian Ernst died and his half-brother Franz Josias became the sole Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. After the death of his brother, Franz Josias introduced primogeniture in the duchy so there would be no question about the succession.
Unofficial Royalty: Franz Josias, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
September 16, 1778 – Petronilla Melusina von der Schulenburg, the illegitimate daughter of King George I of Great Britain, died in London, England; buried at the Grosvenor Chapel in South Audley Street, London, England
Born in 1693, the daughter of the future King George I of Great Britain and his mistress Melusine von der Schulenburg, Petronilla Melusina, called Melusina, married Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, a leading Whig politician. The couple had no children.
Unofficial Royalty: Petronilla Melusina von der Schulenburg
September 16, 1823 – Death of Keōpūolani, Queen Consort of the Hawaiian Islands, wife of Kamehameha I the Great, King of the Hawaiian Islands, at Hale Kamani, her home on the beach in Lahaina, on the island of Maui; buried at the Christian cemetery at Waiola Church in Lahaina, Maui
Keōpūolani was the highest-ranking wife of Kamehameha I the Great, King of the Hawaiian Islands. Keōpūolani and Kamehameha I were married in 1795. They had had eleven children, all but three died young. After the death of Kamehameha I in 1819, Keōpūolani married Hoapili, a close friend and advisor of Kamehameha I. In 1820, Christian missionaries came to the Hawaiian Islands, and Keōpūolani and her second husband Hoapili were among the first of the Hawaiian nobles to convert to Christianity. On September 16, 1823, 45-year-old Keōpūolani died at Hale Kamani, her home on the beach in Lahaina, on the island of Maui.
Unofficial Royalty: Keōpūolani, Queen Consort of the Hawaiian Islands
September 16, 1824 – Death of King Louis XVIII of France at the Louvre Palace in Paris, France; buried at the Basilica of St. Denis near Paris, France
King Louis XVIII of France was born in 1755, during the reign of his grandfather King Louis XV. He was the brother of King Louis XVI who was beheaded during the French Revolution. However, Louis XVIII and his family escaped France. In April 1814, following Napoleon’s overthrow, the French Senate restored the Bourbons to the French throne and Louis XVIII officially became King of France. Having been in ill health for much of his adult life, Louis XVIII again fell ill in early 1824, suffering from gout, gangrene, and extreme obesity. He died later that year at the age of 69.
Unofficial Royalty: King Louis XVIII of France
September 16, 1826 – Birth of Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg in Hildburghausen, Duchy of Saxe-Hildburghausen, now in Thuringia, Germany
Full name: Ernst Friedrich Paul Georg Nikolaus
Ernst I was the longest-reigning Duke of Saxe-Altenburg, reigning from 1853 until 1908. Unlike his predecessors, Ernst left much of the running of the duchy to his ministers, preferring to focus his attention on social issues, and his personal pursuits. However, he remained very active in cultivating the duchy’s relationship with Prussia and the other German states. He joined Prussia in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, although his forces were never involved in actual battles. For his efforts, he was given a guarantee of independence for Saxe-Altenburg, at a time when Prussia was annexing other territories, including the Kingdom of Hanover.
Unofficial Royalty: Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
September 16, 1899 – Birth of Magda Lupescu, mistress and third wife of King Carol II of Romania, born Elena Lupescu in Iaşi, Romania
Magda Lupescu was the mistress, and then the third wife of King Carol II of Romania. The couple was married several years after Carol abdicated the Romanian throne.
Unofficial Royalty: Magda Lupescu, mistress and third wife of King Carol II of Romania
September 16, 2012 – Death of Princess Ragnhild of Norway, daughter of King Olav V of Norway and sister of King Harald V of Norway, at her home in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; buried at Asker Church in Asker, Norway
In 1953, Ragnhild married Erling Lorentzen, a commoner and her former bodyguard. Reportedly, Ragnhild’s grandfather King Haakon VII consented to the marriage only after the intervention of Ragnhild’s mother Crown Princess Märtha as Ragnhild was the first Norwegian royal to marry a commoner. Ragnhild lost her style of Royal Highness with the marriage, and was styled Her Highness Princess Ragnhild, Mrs. Lorentzen. The couple settled in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and had three children. Ragnhild kept an apartment in Oslo and visited Norway often but did not undertake official duties. She died at the age of 82 following a bout with cancer.
Unofficial Royalty: Princess Ragnhild, Mrs. Lorentzen
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