September 7: Today in Royal History

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Elisabeth of Anhalt, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz; Credit – Wikipedia

September 7, 1151 – Death of Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou in Château-du-Loir, Duchy of Brittany, now in France; buried at Le Mans Cathedral in Le Mans, County of Maine, now in France
Geoffrey was the second husband of Empress Matilda, Lady of the English, daughter of King Henry I of England, and the ancestor of the Plantagenet kings of England. He was the father of King Henry II of England. Matilda was quite unhappy about her marriage to Geoffrey. This would be her second marriage. When she was twelve years old, Matilda married 28-year-old Heinrich V, Holy Roman Emperor. Matilda returned to England when she was widowed eleven years later. She was eleven years older than Geoffrey and marriage to a mere future Count would diminish her status as the widow of an Emperor.  After the death of King Henry I and the seizing of power by his nephew Stephen of Blois, Matilda did not give up her claim to England and Normandy, leading to the long civil war known as The Anarchy between 1135 and 1153. During The Anarchy, Geoffrey concentrated on conquering the Duchy of Normandy in northwest France. He died suddenly on September 7, 1151, aged 38.
Unofficial Royalty: Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou

September 7, 1362 – Death of Joan of the Tower, Queen of Scots, daughter of King Edward II and wife of David II, King of Scots, at Hertford Castle in Hertford, England, buried at Greyfriars Church in Newgate, London, England
As a result of a treaty between England and Scotland, six-year-old Joan, daughter of King Edward I of England, married the heir of Robert I the Bruce, King of Scots, four-year-old David. Although the couple was married for 34 years, they had no children. Joan, aged 41, died of the plague at Hertford Castle in England and was buried at Christ Church Greyfriars in London. The church suffered much damage during King Henry VIII’s Dissolution of the Monasteries, and many tombs were destroyed. The medieval church was completely destroyed during the Great Fire of London in 1666.
Unofficial Royalty: Joan of the Tower, Queen of Scots

September 7, 1533 – Birth of Queen Elizabeth I of England at Greenwich Palace in London, England
The last monarch of the House of Tudor, Queen Elizabeth I is number six on the list of the top ten longest-reigning British monarchs. She became queen at the age of 25 on November 17, 1558, and reigned for 44 years, 127 days until her death at age 69 on March 24, 1603. During Elizabeth’s reign, called the Elizabethan Age, the Church of England took its final form, a middle path between Catholicism and Reform Protestantism, William Shakespeare created numerous works, modern science had its birth based upon Francis Bacon‘s inductive method for scientific inquiry, Francis Drake sailed around the world, and the first colony in America was founded and named Virginia in honor of Elizabeth the Virgin Queen.
Unofficial Royalty: Queen Elizabeth I of England

September 7, 1683 – Birth of Maria Anna of Austria, Queen of Portugal, wife of King João V of Portugal, in Linz, Austria
Full name: Maria Anna Josepha Antonia Regina
The daughter of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, Maria Anna was the wife and first cousin of João V, King of Portugal. The couple married in 1708 and had six children including two Kings of Portugal and a Queen Consort of Spain. In 1742, King  João V had a stroke and became partially paralyzed. He recovered somewhat but was left diminished and much less energetic. Maria Anna served as regent until her husband died in 1750. Maria Anna died, aged 70, on August 14, 1754.
Unofficial Royalty: Maria Anna of Austria, Queen of Portugal

September 7, 1731- Death of Eudoxia Lopukhina, Tsaritsa of All Russia, first wife of Peter I (the Great), Emperor of All Russia, at Novodevichy Convent in Moscow, Russia; buried at Smolensk Cathedral at the Novodevichy Convent in Moscow
Eudoxia was the last ethnic Russian and non-foreign wife of a Russian tsar or emperor. She was the mother of Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich and the paternal grandmother of Peter II, Emperor of All Russia. She was chosen as a bride for Peter I by his mother Natalia Naryshkina hoping that the 17-year-old Peter would settle down and turn from an adolescent into a man. Peter could not stand her conservative relatives and soon abandoned her for a Dutch beauty, Anna Mons. Their relationship lasted twelve years until Peter met Marta Samuilovna Skavronskaya, first his mistress, then his second wife, and finally his successor on the Russian throne as Catherine I, Empress of All Russia. In September 1698, Eudoxia was finally banished to a convent and their marriage was over.
Unofficial Royalty: Eudoxia Lopukhina, Tsaritsa of All Russia

September 7, 1801 – Death of Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Philippsthal, Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen, wife of Anton Ulrich, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, in Meiningen, Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen, now in Thuringia, Germany; buried in the Ducal Crypt Chapel in the Meiningen municipal cemetery, in 1977 her remains were removed from the chapel, cremated and buried elsewhere in the cemetery grounds
In 1750, Charlotte Amalie married Anton Ulrich, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, who was 43 years older. He had previously contracted a morganatic marriage and had ten children, but they were not eligible to succeed to the ducal throne. This marriage was solely intended to provide an heir for Saxe-Meiningen. The couple had eight children. Following her husband’s death in 1763, Charlotte Amalie was appointed the sole guardian of their sons and served as Regent of Saxe-Meiningen. When she died at the age of 71, as per her wishes, she was not buried in the Castle Church at Elisabethenburg Palace, the traditional burial site of the Dukes of Saxe-Meiningen. Instead, she was interred in the Ducal Crypt Chapel in the Meiningen municipal cemetery.
Unofficial Royalty: Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Philippsthal, Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen

September 7, 1817 – Birth of Louise of Hesse-Kassel, Queen of Denmark, wife of King Christian IX of Denmark, in Kassel, Electorate of Hesse-Kassel, now in Hesse, Germany
Full name: Luise Wilhelmine Friederike Caroline Auguste Julie
Louise was as much the “Grandmother of Europe” as Queen Victoria was. Louise had 39 grandchildren and her grandsons included Nicholas II, Emperor of All Russia, King Constantine I of Greece, King George V of the United Kingdom, King Christian X of Denmark, and King Haakon VII of Norway. Louise is the ancestor of six of the ten current European monarchs (King Philippe of Belgium, King Frederik X of Denmark, Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg, King Harald V of Norway, King Felipe VI of Spain, King Charles III of the United Kingdom) and two former monarchs (the late King Michael of Romania and the late King Constantine II of Greece).  Like her daughter Alexandra, Louise suffered from hereditary otosclerosis, abnormal growth of bone near the middle ear that can result in hearing loss. Louise’s deafness worsened during her last years and she was cared for by two deaconesses from the Deaconess Foundation she had started. Queen Louise, aged 81, died surrounded by a large part of her family, who had come to Denmark to be at her side.
Unofficial Royalty: Louise of Hesse-Kassel, Queen of Denmark
Unofficial Royalty: Children, Grandchildren, Great-Grandchildren and Notable Descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark

September 7, 1857 – Birth of Elisabeth of Anhalt, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, wife of Adolf Friedrich V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, in Wörlitz, Duchy of Anhalt, now in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
Full name: Elisabeth Marie Friederike Amalie Agnes
Elisabeth married the future Grand Duke Adolf Friedrich V of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. She used her public profile to bring attention to causes that were important to her, including nature and flowers. Following her husband’s death in 1914, she remained the first lady of Mecklenburg-Strelitz during the reign of her unmarried son and became very active with the Red Cross during World War I. Following the abolition of the monarchy in 1918, Elisabeth remained in Neustrelitz, taking up residence in the Park House she had inherited earlier that year after her son died. The government took over Neustrelitz Palace but Elisabeth continued to fight for compensation for the loss of the family’s property. Remaining active right up until her death, Elisabeth remained in Neustrelitz, often hosting visits from her daughters and grandchildren, and staying in close contact with relatives throughout Europe.
Unofficial Royalty: Elisabeth of Anhalt, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

September 7, 1930 – Birth of King Baudouin of the Belgians at Stuyvenberg Castle in Laeken, Brussels, Belgium
Full name: Baudouin Albert Charles Léopold Axel Marie Gustave
King Baudouin of the Belgians reigned from July 1951 until July 1993, making him the longest-reigning Belgian monarch. He became king upon the abdication of his father King Leopold III. In 1960, Baudouin married Fabiola de Mora y Aragón, from a Spanish aristocratic family. Despite several pregnancies, the couple never had any children, which greatly affected them. Fortunately, they maintained very close relationships with his brother’s children, particularly the future King Philippe, a frequent visitor to their homes. Although Baudouin’s heir was his brother Albert, he saw Philippe as his true successor and spent much time grooming him for his future role. Although King Baudouin had heart surgery in March 1992 this death from heart failure in 1993 still came unexpectedly, and sent much of Belgium into a period of deep mourning.
Unofficial Royalty: Baudouin, King of the Belgians

September 7, 1986 – Death of Omar Ali Saifuddien III, Sultan of Brunei in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei; buried in the Royal Mausoleum in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
Omar’s brother, Ahmad Tajuddin, Sultan of Brunei died in 1950. Because his brother had no male heirs, Omar succeeded to the throne of Brunei. In 1959, a constitution went into effect that gave Brunei self-government with the power to rule the domestic affairs of the country in the hands of the Sultan of Brunei, an important step toward complete independence from the United Kingdom, which would come in 1984. In 1967, Omar voluntarily abdicated in favor of his eldest son Hassanal Bolkiah but he still wielded most of the power in Brunei for several years. Omar became his son’s personal adviser and guided him in carrying out the duties as the Sultan in preparation for the time Brunei would eventually become an independent and sovereign country. Omar Ali Saifuddien III, the former Sultan of Brunei died two weeks before his 72nd birthday. A state funeral was held, attended by many world leaders.
Unofficial Royalty: Omar Ali Saifuddien III, Sultan of Brunei

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